Reuse database connections through a pool instead of opening a new connection per request.
Opening a connection per request exhausts server connection limits and adds handshake latency under load.
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Each new database connection costs a TCP and auth handshake, and databases cap concurrent connections. Per-request connections starve the pool under load and crash with "too many connections". A pool reuses a bounded set of warm connections.
// Bad: new connection every call, never closed cleanly
const client = new Client(config);
await client.connect();
await client.query(sql);// Good: shared bounded pool
const pool = new Pool({ ...config, max: 10 });
await pool.query(sql); // checks out and returns a connection